The role of vitamin D:

 

 

Vitamin D is fat-soluble vitamin and found in animal products such as liver, fish, eggs, milk ... Vitamin D is a group of D2 to D7, in which the two most active substances are D2 and D3, in D3 is synthesized in skin cells by ultraviolet light, if exposed to sunlight, the amount of D3 created is enough for the body's needs.Vitamin D plays a vital role in the process of creating bone tissues through the action of metabolizing inorganic substances, mainly calcium and phosphorus, Vitamin D increases the absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the intestine, increases calcium reabsorption in the kidneys, participates in the calcification process. cartilage growth. Therefore its role is very important in the normal development of a child's skeletal system. In addition, vitamin D also has a role in regulating the concentration of calcium in the blood to always be constant, when it is lacking in vitamin D, the intestines do not absorb enough calcium and phosphorus, reducing blood calcium, then calcium is depleted. from bone to stabilize blood calcium concentration, which should cause rickets in children, slow growth, slow to walk, curved legs ..., in adults will be osteoporosis and bones that are easy to break.

 

How to detect a child with rickets:

 

Early manifestations of rickets are children crying, vomiting, restless sleep, sweating, hair loss at the back of the head (scarf). Without treatment, after a few weeks, bone symptoms will gradually appear, depending on the age that changes in bones are varied:

- In young children, the soft skull can be felt because the head position is easily distorted, the head is flat behind, or on one side. Tapered slowly widen, soft edge, big head with lumps, slow growing teeth, bad enamel.

- In older children, there is often a change in the rib cage, with a rib necklace. The limb bones appear around the wrist rings and ankles. The tender muscles limit the child's ability to crawl, crawl, sit, stand, and walk. If not treated immidiately, it will leave sequelae such as: deformed chest, protruding chest similar to chicken chest, humpback, scoliosis, bent limbs, bow legs, bow-shaped legs, narrow pelvis.

- Bone complications can reduce height, restrict respiratory functions, change gait, and adversely affect childbirth in girls. In addition, the child will become pale, anemic and have frequent pneumonia.

Prevention and treatment of rickets:

 

Rickets is a preventable and inexpensive disease, because our country is full of sunshine all year round.

 

From the first month after giving birth, both mother and child need sunbathing

 

To prevent rickets for children, from the moment of pregnancy, mothers should regularly go for a walk outdoors to receive vitamin D. The diet should consist of foods that are high in calcium and vitamin D such as fish, crab, eggs, liver, milk ... Babies need to be breastfed immediately after birth, exclusively breastmilk for the first 6 months. When children eat complementary foods, they should give them enough nutrients, feed them crabs, fish, eggs, milk, liver, cheese, and green vegetables oftenly. Note that meals should always contain cooking oil or fat to increase the absorption of vitamin D. Children always live in a clean, cool and bright environment. From the first month since birth, both mother and baby need to be sunbathed (just leave the legs widen to expose the baby's skin to the sun). Older children sunbathe in the morning, depending on the season, the time increases gradually from 5 to 20 minutes. In children with little exposure to sunlight (born in winter), babies with low birth weight (less than 2,500 g), from the second week, vitamin D should be given at a dose of 400 units / day, continuously in the first year. Children with rickets due to lack of vitamin D often lack calcium, so it is required for them to drink additional calcium. Dosage and time are prescribed by doctors, because improper administration can cause vitamin D toxicity. In some cases, overdose and prolonged overdose will increase blood calcium and calcification of blood vessels causing kidney stones. With calcium-fortified functional foods, which are often in short supply, need to be supplemented every day, there is no need to use a doctor's prescription, but the dosage should be in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.

 

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